Hiking the Main Ridge Forest Reserve: The Oldest Protected Rainforest

The Main Ridge Forest Reserve features several well-marked hiking trails, with the Gilpin Trace trail being the most popular at 8 kilometers long and taking about 3 to 4 hours to complete. Starting at the main entrance on Windward Road, the Gilpin Trace trail loops through diverse forest zones, including montane forest and patches of seasonal wetlands. The trail is moderately challenging, with some steep sections and uneven terrain, so expect elevation changes of around 300 meters overall.

A small entrance fee of TTD 20 (about USD 3) is charged per person, which goes directly toward trail maintenance and conservation projects. Along the way, hikers encounter a variety of sensory details: the smell of wet earth after a brief rain, the rustle of leaves as howler monkeys call from the canopy, and the occasional splash of water from small streams crossing the path. Other trails such as the Arnos Vale and Gilpin Waterfall trails are shorter, between 2 and 4 kilometers, suitable for those with less time or looking for easier walks.

For a deeper understanding of the reserve’s ecology, consider booking a guided tour. Local guides share knowledge about medicinal herbs growing along the trails and can help spot elusive wildlife.

The Main Ridge Forest Reserve hosts over 200 species of birds alongside mammals, reptiles, and amphibians, offering a rich display of Tobago’s native wildlife. Birdwatchers can often see toucans, hummingbirds, and the rare Trinidad Piping-Guan. The howler monkey’s deep calls echo through the forest, signaling their presence in the treetops. Observant hikers might spot the slow-moving three-toed sloth resting on branches or an agouti darting across the forest floor.

The reserve’s varied habitats support this diversity: montane forests shelter birds and mammals suited to cooler, higher elevations, while seasonal wetlands provide breeding grounds for amphibians and insects. The wetness of these areas intensifies during the rainy season from June to December, which can also increase sightings of frogs and dragonflies. Along the trails, you may notice plants with medicinal properties, such as the leaves of the chadon beni or the bark of the mauby tree, historically used by locals for remedies.

For more on the medicinal plants found in the reserve and their traditional uses, see our article on The Pitch Lake, which touches on regional plant knowledge.

Before heading into the Main Ridge Forest Reserve, preparation is key for a safer and more enjoyable hike. The terrain varies from smooth dirt paths to rocky sections and occasional muddy patches, especially after rain. Hiking shoes with sturdy soles and good ankle support are essential. Lightweight, moisture-wicking clothing helps manage the island’s humidity, while a hat and insect repellent protect against sun exposure and mosquitoes.

Since the reserve is open from 7 AM to 6 PM, beginning your hike before 9 AM is advisable. This allows you to avoid the hottest part of the day and reduces the risk of encountering afternoon showers common during the rainy season. Carry at least two liters of water per person, as there are no potable water sources inside the reserve. Snacking on local fruits like mango or guava, available in Scarborough markets, provides natural energy and hydration.

Parking is available near the main entrance on Windward Road, with clear signage directing visitors. The visitor center provides maps and safety information; it is advisable to register your hike there before setting off.